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Bernhard Remmers Institut für Analytik GmbH

Mineral building materials



Analysis of damaging salts and damp content

Generally, water is considered the enemy of our buildings. The presence of moisture plays a decisive role in the decay of built structures. Water can be called the carrier of weathering. Without moisture the damages through frost or biological and chemical corrosion could not reach the scale we well know. Besides damp or, better, in conjunction with it there is a series of other factors that must be taken into consideration.

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Moisture Parameters

  • Moisture content
  • Maximal water absorption
  • Humidity absorption

Moisture parameters

Sample size, quantity and quality

Moisture content

Determination of moisture content in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12570 and WTA specification 04-11-02

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Dimensions and number of the sample must be chosen so as to be representative of the building material
  • Cutting or drilling must be done so that it does not have an appreciable influence on moisture content (drying by drilling)
  • No “mini samples, because the heat developed during the drilling causes too much water in comparison to the size of the sample to evaporate, min. 100 g (drilling core, dust or debris)

Sample packaging and labelling

  • No glass or paper
  • Vapour-tight cans or
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Kautex bottles
  • Sampling procedure
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

Maximal water absorption

Determination of maximal water absorption in accordance with DIN EN 772-21 (wall bricks)

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Min. 6 entire bricks or stones

Determination of maximal water absorption in accordance with DIN EN 13755 (natural stone)

  • Min. 6 samplings
  • Each sampling must have a volume of at least 60 ml

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass or paper
  • Vapour-tight cans or
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Kautex bottles
  • Sampling procedure
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

Moisture absorption

Determination of moisture content in accordance with DIN EN ISO 12571 Annex C

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Drilling cores or debris

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass or paper
  • If the moisture content/degree of damp is to be determined as well:
    • Vapour-tight cans or
    • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Otherwise freezer bags are
  • Sampling procedure
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

For further information, please see the detailed Service Overview Moisture Paramaters (PDF).

Damaging salts

  • Water-soluble damaging salts

Damaging salts

Sample size, quantity and quality

Water-soluble damaging salts

Determination of water-soluble damaging salts in accordance with DIN EN 16455

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Preferably drilling dust or a solid sample that is representative for the object
  • Min. 50 g

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass or paper
  • Vapour-tight cans or 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Kautex bottles
  • Sampling procedure
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

For further information, please see the detailed Service Overview Damaging Salts (PDF).

Analysis of mortar

  • Mortar composition
  • Compression & flexural strength
  • Porosity

Mortar analysis

Sample size, quantity and quality

Mortar composition

Quantitative determination of the chemical composition of the mortar

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Preferably drilling dust or a solid sample that is representative for the object
  • Min. 200 g

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass or paper
  • Kautex bottle or bucket
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

Compression strength and flexural strength

Compression strength and flexural strength in accordance with DIN EN 1015-11

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Prisms (at least 4 × 4 × 16 cm) or drill cores (without centering hole) with a Ø of at least 6 cm and 17 cm of length

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass or paper
  • Kautex bottle or bucket
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number


Porosity

Determination of porosity in accordance with WTA specification 2-09-04

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Drill cores with a Ø of at least 5 cm or at least fist-sized fragment

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Kautex bottle or bucket
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

For further information, please see the detailed Service Overview Examinations on Mortar (PDF).

Analysis of concretes

  • Chloride content
  • Depth of carbonation
  • Compression strength

Analysis of concretes

Dimension, quantity and structure of the sample

Chloride content

Determination of chloride content in concrete in accordance with DIN EN 14629

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Min. 10 g drilling dust
  • Or drill core with a Ø of 30 – 50 mm depending on the largest grain
  • The surface must be identified

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass or paper
  • Kautex bottles
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number
  • Precise information of the height at which the sample was collected and the depth of the drilling hole are necessary to create a chloride profile

Carbonation depth

Determination of carbonation depth in concrete in accordance with DIN EN 14630

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Freshly broken concrete
  • Fragments
  • Drill core with a Ø of at least 5 cm
  • Any water on the surface of the sample must be immediately removed

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass or paper
  • Metal cans or
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Kautex bottle or bucket
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

Compression strength

Determination of compression strength in accordance with DIN EN 12504-1

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Drill core with a Ø of ca. 10 cm, length ca. 15 cm

Packaging and labelling of samples

  • No glass
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

For further information, please see the detailed Service Overview Examinations on Concrete (PDF).

Stone conservation

  • Degree of hygric swelling
  • Capillary absorption of active substances
  • Water absorption coefficients

Stone conservation

Dimension, quantity and structure of the sample

Hygric swelling

Determination of hygric swelling, profile measurement

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Drill core without centring hole with a Ø of 5 cm with original surface
  • Drill core length ca. 10 cm

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • No glass or paper
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

Capillary absorption of active substances

Determination of capillary absorption of active substances

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Drill core without centring hole with a Ø of 5 cm with original surface
  • Drill core length ca. 10 cm

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • No glass or paper
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

Water absorption coefficients

Determination of water absorption coefficient in accordance with DIN EN ISO 15148

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • Drill core without centring hole with a Ø of 5 cm at least fist-sized fragment with original surface
  • Drill core length ca. 10 cm

Sample size, quantity and quality

  • No glass or paper
  • 2 layers of thick plastic film (min. 0.2 mm thickness, freezer bags are too thin)
  • Consecutive numbering on the containers of the samples
  • Accompanying document with further information (height, depth and place of sampling) for each number

 

 

For further information, please see the detailed Service Overview Stone Conservation (PDF).